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Taking Easy Steps for Better Fitness

7/30/2014

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“Take care of your body, it’s the only place you have to live”—by Jim Rohn

With our New Year’s resolutions a figment of the past and more than half the year behind us, let’s focus on some easy steps that can increase your calorie burn and get your body moving.

From early prehistoric times, our bodies are designed to move.  We were nomads, roaming and searching for food and shelter.  Our hunter/gatherer ancestors were thin because they subsisted on a diet of vegetables, fruit, tubers and some animal meat.  Unlike our modern society, they were always on the move.  Studies have shown that people who adopt a hunter/gatherer lifestyle typically burn between 600-1700 calories per day as opposed to those having a more modern, sedentary lifestyle who burn between 200-300 calories per day from physical activity. 

Incorporating more exercise or movement benefits us on many levels.  More energy, lower stress, increased productivity, improved sleep, better mental outlook and feeling happier are all byproducts of exercise.  Physiologically, utilizing your muscles signals the body to burn fat instead of carbohydrates.  The result is more balanced blood sugar levels.   Exercise also will aid in boosting your metabolic rate, the rate at which a person burns calories.   As we age, the body’s metabolic rate steadily declines.  However, adding exercise can significantly decrease this reduction.  Cardio and weight training have been shown to reverse this slowing of one’s metabolism. 

To lose one pound of fat, you need to burn 3500 calories.  Of course, this needs to be balanced with calories consumed by food and calories burned by exercise or movement.  As an example, a 150-pound person will burn about 470 calories in one hour of jogging or 300 calories in one hour of walking.  For more about calories and weight loss, click here.  But, there are simple ways to incorporate movement and light exercise into our every day activities that can increase the amount of calories we burn and have a positive effect on our bodies.  The new physical activity guidelines recommend 150 minutes per week of moderate intensity aerobic activity and two days of strength training exercises.  The time spent can be broken down into short segments even 10 minutes 3x/day is as beneficial as a 30-minute workout. 

Some suggestions for simple steps to enhance your fitness:

·      Get a pedometer to track your steps during the day.  The goal should be over 10,000 steps per day, which amounts to about 500 calories per day.

·      Stand or walk while talking on the phone instead of sitting.

·      While watching TV, lift some weights to incorporate strength-training exercise instead of being idle or the proverbial couch potato.

·      Do 8-12 pushups against a wall, abdominal crunches or tricep dips for muscle strengthening during those TV each commercial break that you’d rather skip anyway.  With an hour TV show, that’s about 5 sets of pushups or dips.

·      Try adding simple squats or other strength building exercises while doing every day chores.

·      Park your car in one of the farther parking spots when shopping to increase the amount of walking to your destination.

·      If you ride a bus or take a train, get off a stop early and walk the rest of the way to your destination. 

·      Take the stairs instead of the elevator.  This type of climbing is a great low-impact cardio workout.  Stair climbing can burn up to 472 calories in one hour for a 130 lb. person. 

·      If your house has more than one level or you work in an office with multiple floors, take the stairs and use a restroom that is on another level or farther away.

·      While standing in line, flex abdominal muscles for 10 seconds and repeat 10 times.  This will work on your core without anyone even noticing.

·      While shopping for a small amount of groceries, use your recycled bags to collect your food instead of a shopping cart.  You’ll get an extra weight workout. 

·      While walking, consider light ankle or arm weights to burn more calories and obtain some strength building benefits. 

·      Instead of meeting a friend for a lunch or dinner date, meet up for a game of golf, tennis or other sport.

·      While walking, try listening to an audiobook and you may find that you are so engrossed that you will walk longer than you normally do. 

·      Explore trails or streets in a new neighborhood.  The change of scenery can be refreshing to your mood and encourage you to walk longer.

·      Incorporate stretching into your day either by waking up a few minutes early, while watching TV or before going to bed.  It will help to lengthen the muscle fibers and help with range of motion.

·      Add exercise to your calendar as you would any other appointment.  Keep the commitment to yourself.  Determine how many exercise sessions to have during the week and reward yourself for attaining your goal.

Remember that proper nutrition and hydration are very important.  For more about hydration, click here.  Eating a balanced diet with protein to support muscle repair, healthy fats as a source of energy and fiber-rich carbohydrates to support the various body systems will enhance your workouts.  Click here to try these summer recipes for a nutrient dense meal that will provide the nutrients needed.

Commit to making small changes to your daily routine.  Change your mindset to move more and sit less.  All these adjustments add up to a more toned body, a higher metabolism and a more fit YOU!
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Heirloom Cantaloupe Delight

7/16/2014

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We’ve all heard of cantaloupe and honeydew.  But what are heirloom melons?  These melons are a hybrid form of cantaloupe, crossing a European-style melon with an Eastern style melon.  This heirloom variety is about 60-80 years old.  The blend of the melons used is proprietary with the result being a firm flesh melon full of sweetness and flavor. 

While the uniform netting around the exterior rind of the melon identifies most cantaloupes, heirloom cantaloupes have distinctive grooves running from one end of the melon to the other.  The exterior ridging changes color from green to golden yellow as the fruit ripens.  Typically, these hybrids are smaller than traditional cantaloupes, but their seed cavity is also smaller resulting in more juicy flesh. 

Heirloom melons are low in calories.  A quarter of a melon only yields about 50 calories so they are a great addition to the diet for those interested in weight loss.  Being low in calories is due to its high water content, about 90%, making it a perfect summer treat that can help quench your thirst.  Melons are easily digested with much of the digestive work occurring in the mouth via chewing and saliva. 

With its sweetness comes sugar.  Melons have a relatively high glycemic index at 65 but the glycemic load is low at 7.8.  The glycemic index (GI) is a ranking to understand how quickly a carbohydrate will break down and raise one’s blood sugar levels.  The higher the number on a scale of 0-100, the quicker the food breaks down into its simple sugar components.  The glycemic load (GL) as defined by Wikipedia, on the other hand, “estimates the impact of carbohydrate consumption using the glycemic index while taking into account the amount of carbohydrate consumed.  GL is a GI-weighted measure of carbohydrate content.”  It also takes into account the fiber and other components that will mitigate the breakdown of sugars.  So even though melon may appear to affect one’s blood sugar quickly, its GL is low making it a welcome addition to the summer diet.  For more about blood sugar regulation, click here.

These hybrid melons are also an excellent source of vitamins A and C, having 100% and 80% of the recommended daily value, respectively.  They also contain fiber, folate and important antioxidants like beta-carotene and lycopene.  They have no fat or cholesterol and are low in sodium.  Vitamin A, a fat-soluble vitamin, is a powerful antioxidant that is known for supporting our vision and immune system and the health of our mucus membranes and skin. 

Heirloom cantaloupes are rich in beta-carotene, a red-orange pigment that is an important antioxidant.  The body readily converts beta-carotene into the more useable form of vitamin A needed.  As an antioxidant, beta-carotene protects us from harmful free radicals that can cause various diseases and chronic conditions.  Studies have shown that beta-carotene supports lowering one’s cardiovascular risk.  In addition, if you consume at least 4 servings of beta-carotene-rich foods, there may be a lowered risk of developing certain cancers.  Over 500 different carotenoids have been identified in the plant and algae world with beta-carotene being the most prevalent in the human body.  It is best to obtain vitamin A from food sources to get the synergistic benefit of the multiple.

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that supports our immune system and works with vitamin A as another antioxidant.  For more about the benefits we obtain from vitamin C, click here.

Picking a good melon can sometimes seem to be an exercise in luck.  Here are some sensory cues to guide you into choosing a ripe and sweet fruit. 

·      Look:  The exterior of the melon needs to be the right color.  In the case of the heirloom melon, the ridgelines should be a creamy yellow.  The coloring of the underlying rind should also appear more yellow and not green.

·      Listen:  Next, some people say to knock on the melon to see if it sounds hollow.  Hollowness indicates ripeness.  I like to shake a melon to see if I can hear any of the juices rattling around.

·      Smell:  From the stem end, there should be an aromatic aroma that you associate with melon. 

·      Feel:  The rind should feel firm with a slight give.  If is too hard, it will need to sit out and ripen more fully.  If is too mushy, it is overripe and best to avoid purchasing it. 

Heirloom melons can be stored uncut at room temperature if under-ripe.  Once melon is ripe, store in refrigerator and eat within about four days. 

Experience the nuances of these delicious summertime melons and enjoy!
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Nectar of the Gods

7/2/2014

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The temperatures are rising and summer is upon us.  Fortunately, that means that fruits like nectarines and peaches are ripening and becoming abundant at the market.  Not surprising, nectarines and peaches are in fact from the same family.  The only genetic difference between the two is the expression of one recessive gene.  We see this gene expression as the smooth skin in the nectarine instead of the fuzzy covering found on peaches.  In addition, nectarines are usually smaller, more aromatic and contain more red tones on their skin. 

The word nectarine is derived from the Greek “nekter”.  In Greek mythology, nekter was believed to impart immortality.  However, peaches and nectarines originated in China more than 2000 years ago before being cultivated in Persia, Greece and Rome.  California farms grow over 150 varieties of nectarine, producing over 95% of the US crop.  Nectarines are typically firmer and sweeter than peaches.  So treat yourself to some of the different varieties and enjoy the nuances of flavor. 

Due to their similar genes, their nutritional profiles are also similar.  Nectarines are low in calories; 1 medium size nectarine is about 60 calories.  Nectarines are low in fat and have no cholesterol or sodium so beneficial for those concerned about sodium content or managing their heart health.  Nectarines are a rich source of vitamins A, C and K, dietary fiber, and potassium.  Furthermore, due to the low calories, fiber content and energy used to digest them, nectarines fill you up and can aid in weight loss.  They also contain vitamin E, B vitamins, calcium and iron.  For more info about peaches and stone fruits, click here.  Be aware that nectarines do contain sugar but are ranked on the lower end of the glycemic index.

While nectarines and peaches may be freestone or clingstone, most people choose based on their preferred flavor and color.  Yellow nectarines and peaches have more acid, which competes with the natural sugars and gives the fruit a more tangy taste.  The white nectarines and peaches are classified as sub acid resulting in a mellower and sweeter flavor.  Your taste buds will be the best judge of which you prefer.

The skin of nectarines is a great source of antioxidants.  Just as our skin is designed to protect us from external assaults, the phytonutrients on the exterior of produce are a defense mechanism for the plant.  By eating these phytonutrients, which are antioxidants, we obtain these benefits.  A simple rule of thumb, the deeper the color of a fruit or vegetable, the more antioxidants it contains.  Antioxidants are believed to protect our bodies by capturing and ridding us of free radicals, which cause cellular damage and possibly contribute to disease and aging.  Beta-carotene, one of the antioxidants found in nectarines, is believed to help protect the skin against certain cancers possibly by reducing oxidation caused by UV light and other environmental toxins.  Nectarines also contain lutein and lycopene; antioxidants currently being studied for their support in eye health, particularly preventing macular degeneration and cataracts.  So make sure you eat the skin as well.

The flesh of the nectarine also contains antioxidants albeit in lower quantities than the skin.  The yellow flesh varieties have higher levels of carotenoids since these antioxidants are responsible for the yellow/orange coloration of produce.  The carotenoids are converted to vitamin A, providing support for the immune system, vision and normal growth.  The white-fleshed nectarines, on the other hand, typically have higher amounts of ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C.  Overall, both yellow and white nectarines are about comparable in antioxidant capacity, but with variations in the specific antioxidants found in each. 

In addition, nectarines are full of vitamin C.  One nectarine contains about 12% of the RDA for vitamin C.  During the 16th and 17th century, as explorers and sailors developed scurvy, doctors realized the importance of vitamin C in the diet.  Fortunately, we now have plentiful resources to obtain vitamin C-rich foods.  So what else does vitamin C do for us?

  • It provides immune system support.  While vitamin C may not prevent a cold, it does seem that it can reduce the length of sickness and have us back on our feet in a shorter time.

  • Vitamin C may protect against cardiac disease by reducing our risk of plaque buildup in our arteries as well as keeping our arteries and veins pliable.

  • Vitamin C is essential for collagen formation; the main structural protein found throughout the body.  Collagen is found in bone, cartilage, skin and blood vessel walls.  It also helps our skin have good elasticity.

  • Vitamin C helps to repair wounds more quickly.  For those having surgery, having more vitamin C may shorten recovery time (Ask your doctor before self-treating with increased vitamin C).

  • As an anti-oxidant, it can neutralize oxidized vitamin E and render it back to its beneficial antioxidant state.

  • Vitamin C is a co-factor in the absorption of iron, necessary for the synthesis of red blood cells and other metabolic functions.

  • Vitamin C is essential for supporting the adrenals, the glands responsible for our stress response.

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin.  As such, it cannot be stored in the body.  Any extra vitamin C is excreted.  We are one of the few animals that cannot manufacture our own vitamin C.  Thus, we must obtain it from our food.  According to Dr. Andrew Weil, the body can utilize up to 250mg of vitamin C per day if needed.  Vitamin C is very sensitive to heat and oxygen.  Fruits and vegetables containing vitamin C will begin losing the vitamin as soon as the produce is cut.  To maximize your intake of vitamin C, use the food quickly and eat it in its raw state as much as possible.  If cooking is required, try to use as little heat and shorter cooking times.  While raw is best, if cooking is required, steaming is the preferred method to retain as many nutrients as possible.

Nectarines and peaches are fruits that are heavily sprayed with pesticides.  Try to buy organic if possible.  If buying conventionally, wash off the pesticides.  For advice on washing pesticides, click here.  Or buy these stone fruits labeled with CCA (California Clean Growers).  For info about their unique farming practices, click here. 

Nectarines and peaches can be used interchangeably. Enjoy these wonders of the season.  They are a great snack raw, sliced uncooked (just before using) on a salad, as a complement to chicken and make a great dessert.  Click here for a delicious dessert.  Enjoy these juicy fruits with all their benefits!


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